{"id":589,"date":"2019-12-11T18:37:21","date_gmt":"2019-12-11T17:37:21","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/hslomka.de\/techno\/?p=589"},"modified":"2021-05-21T11:28:35","modified_gmt":"2021-05-21T11:28:35","slug":"essentielle-systemd-befehle","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/techno.slomka.biz\/?p=589","title":{"rendered":"Essentielle systemd Befehle"},"content":{"rendered":"

Zur Verwaltung und \u00dcberwachung der Systemd Dienste sind haupts\u00e4chlich zwei Befehle zust\u00e4ndig:
\nsystemctl<\/code>
\njournalctl<\/code><\/p>\n

Systemctl<\/h2>\n

systemctl<\/code> dient zur Verwaltung von Systemd Services (Starten, Stoppen, Neustart, Status Abfragen):
\nsystemctl [stop|start|restart|reload|status] rsyslog.service<\/code><\/p>\n

Service de-\/aktivieren (permanent)<\/h3>\n

systemctl enable rsyslog.service
\nsystemctl disable rsyslog.service<\/code><\/p>\n

Abfrage, ob ein Service aktiviert ist:
\nsystemctl is-enabled rsyslog.service; echo $?<\/code><\/p>\n

Anzeige einer Service Definition<\/h3>\n

systemctl cat rsyslog.service --no-pager<\/code><\/p>\n

\/usr\/lib\/systemd\/system\/rsyslog.service
\n[Unit]
\nDescription=System Logging Service
\n;Requires=syslog.socket
\nWants=network.target network-online.target
\nAfter=network.target network-online.target
\nDocumentation=man:rsyslogd(8)<\/p>\n

Anzeige der fehlgeschlagenen Dienste<\/h3>\n

systemctl --failed<\/code><\/p>\n

UNIT LOAD ACTIVE SUB DESCRIPTION
\n\u25cf pctl.service loaded failed failed LSB: Start the perfd daemon
\nLOAD = Reflects whether the unit definition was properly loaded.
\nACTIVE = The high-level unit activation state, i.e. generalization of SUB.
\nSUB = The low-level unit activation state, values depend on unit type.
\n1 loaded units listed. Pass –all to see loaded but inactive units, too.
\nTo show all installed unit files use ‘systemctl list-unit-files’.<\/p>\n

Journalctl<\/h2>\n

journalctl<\/code> dient der Abfrage der Systemd Protokolle.
\nAbfrage der vorhandenen Protokolle der System Neustarts
\nsudo journalctl --list-boots<\/code><\/p>\n

Ein einzelnes Protokoll kann \u00fcber die ID aus der vorherigen Liste (sudo journalctl --list-boots<\/code>) ausgew\u00e4hlt und ausgegeben werden:
\nsudo journalctl --boot 9ef7a66734614ed9d1f7331z14bdd389<\/code><\/p>\n

Kontinuierliche Anzeige, analog tail -f<\/code> f\u00fcr Linux Dateien:
\nsudo journalctl \u2013f<\/code><\/p>\n

Anzeige eines bestimmten Zeitraums mit dem Parameter --since<\/code>
\nsudo journalctl --since \"60 min ago\"<\/code><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Zur Verwaltung und \u00dcberwachung der Systemd Dienste sind haupts\u00e4chlich zwei Befehle zust\u00e4ndig: systemctl journalctl Systemctl systemctl dient zur Verwaltung von Systemd Services (Starten, Stoppen, Neustart, Status Abfragen): systemctl [stop|start|restart|reload|status] rsyslog.service Service de-\/aktivieren (permanent) systemctl enable rsyslog.service systemctl disable rsyslog.service Abfrage, ob ein Service aktiviert ist: systemctl is-enabled rsyslog.service; echo $? Anzeige einer Service Definition systemctl cat rsyslog.service –no-pager \/usr\/lib\/systemd\/system\/rsyslog.service [Unit] Description=System Logging Service ;Requires=syslog.socket Wants=network.target network-online.target After=network.target network-online.target Documentation=man:rsyslogd(8) Anzeige der fehlgeschlagenen Dienste systemctl –failed UNIT LOAD ACTIVE SUB DESCRIPTION \u25cf pctl.service loaded failed failed LSB: Start the perfd daemon LOAD = Reflects whether the unit definition was properly loaded. ACTIVE = The high-level unit activation state, i.e. generalization of SUB. SUB = The low-level unit activation state, values depend on unit type. 1 loaded units listed. Pass –all to see loaded but inactive units, too. To show all installed unit files use ‘systemctl list-unit-files’. Journalctl journalctl dient der Abfrage der Systemd Protokolle. Abfrage der vorhandenen Protokolle der System Neustarts sudo journalctl –list-boots Ein einzelnes Protokoll kann \u00fcber die ID aus der vorherigen Liste (sudo journalctl –list-boots) ausgew\u00e4hlt und ausgegeben werden: sudo journalctl –boot 9ef7a66734614ed9d1f7331z14bdd389 Kontinuierliche Anzeige, analog tail -f f\u00fcr Linux Dateien: sudo journalctl \u2013f Anzeige eines bestimmten Zeitraums mit dem Parameter –since sudo journalctl –since “60 min ago”<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9,20],"tags":[69,96,97],"class_list":["post-589","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-linux","category-systemd","tag-journalctl","tag-systemctl","tag-systemd"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/techno.slomka.biz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/589","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/techno.slomka.biz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/techno.slomka.biz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/techno.slomka.biz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/techno.slomka.biz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=589"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/techno.slomka.biz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/589\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":882,"href":"https:\/\/techno.slomka.biz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/589\/revisions\/882"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/techno.slomka.biz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=589"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/techno.slomka.biz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=589"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/techno.slomka.biz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=589"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}